人胚胎干細胞誘導產生之心肌細胞集群的新篩選方法,可用于評估QT間隔所受影響程度
問題:在心肌細胞復極化延遲研究中,常利用人胚胎干細胞誘導產生的心肌細胞集群進行藥物的篩選。但由于誘導所獲得的不同心肌細胞集群對離子通道阻塞(或激活)的反應(QT間隔)差別很大,因此,直接誘導產生的心肌細胞不能很好應用于藥物的篩選。那是否有快捷有效獲得符合要求細胞集群的方法呢?
當前,心血管疾病已成為人類健康的最大威脅。在生物醫學研究領域,開發有效改善心臟機能,促進心血管疾病癥狀改善的藥物成為研究者關注的熱點。
來自日本Eisai公司的研究人員Yamazaki K等人,利用平面微電極陣列記錄系統(MED64),開發了一種新穎的方法,能夠方便獲得符合要求的細胞集群,從而建立能夠評價QT間隔所受影響程度的體系。
在初期實驗中,研究者發現,由人類胚胎干細胞誘導產生的心肌集群細胞,其QT間隔等場電位時程(FPD)對hERG通道阻塞劑的應答,可以有無應答到過度反應的極大區別。因此,他們利用100nM濃度的Cisapride(一種hERG通道阻塞劑)處理細胞集群,利用平面微電極陣列記錄系統(MED64)選取FPDc延長的5-20%區域作為標準,篩選細胞。然后,對所獲得符合標準的細胞集群孵育目的化合物。
通過上述方法獲得的細胞集群,適用于評價化合物作用于離子通道,從而影響QT間隔的研究。這是目前最早報道的,利用MED64檢測電位改變,篩選獲得合適細胞集群,從而建立一個能夠評價QT間隔所受影響程度的方法。
Yamazaki K等人的研究,為利用誘導產生的細胞進行藥物篩選提供了一種更加完善的體系。快速、準確獲得藥物對目的細胞的作用效果,將成為現實。
平面微電極陣列記錄系統(MED64)是當前進行離體電生理研究的最佳助手,MED64已經成功應用于:
? 中樞神經系統:如大腦皮層、海馬體、視網膜、視交叉上核、杏仁核;
? 周圍神經系統:如背根神經節
? 心肌 (心房、心室、心肌細胞)和其它易興奮組織(如平滑肌)
? 急性腦切片, 切片外植體和分離培養物
文獻來源:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22198052
A novel method of selecting human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte clusters for assessment of potential to influence QT interval.
Yamazaki K, Hihara T, Taniguchi T, Kohmura N, Yoshinaga T, Ito M, Sawada K.
SourceEisai Product Creation Systems, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan.
Abstract
Physiologically relevant assessment of delayed repolarization is necessary in drug development. In our preliminary experiments on the evaluation using a multielectrode recording system, we had found that the responsiveness of field potential duration (FPD), as QT-like intervals, to hERG channel blockers differed greatly from non-responders to excessive responders in human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte clusters. Thus, we report a novel method of selecting clusters suitable for evaluating compounds for the assessment. Clusters were treated with cisapride, a hERG channel blocker, at 100nM, and selected with criteria of 5-20% of corrected FPD (FPDc) prolongation. Then, selected clusters were treated with reference compounds. FPDc was prolonged by blockade of the hERG channel (E-4031 and dl-sotalol) and KvLQT1 channel (chromanol 293B and HMR1556), and by activation of the sodium channel (veratridine) and calcium channel (Bay K8644). FPDc was shortened by calcium channel blockage (verapamil, nifedipine and diltiazem) and by K(ATP) channel activation (pinacidil). Class Ia antiarrhythmic drugs, quinidine and disopyramide, prolonged FPDc. Selected clusters are appropriate for assessing the effects of compounds on ion channels affecting QT intervals. This is the first report of the establishment of an assessment system of potential to influence QT interval, using pharmacologically selected clusters.