2013研究前沿：生命科學與醫學最新熱點方向排名

　日前，湯森路透首次發布了前沿研究、科研管理與科學政策制定的相關報告：《2013研究前沿：科學與社科領域的百強研究》(Research Fronts 2013: 100 Top Ranked Specialties in the Sciences and Social Sciences)。報告中列出了當前十大前沿研究領域，以及每個領域中排名前十的重點研究。這次公布的研究，也可能成為2013年度科學與社科領域的重點。

　　該報告對2007年至2012年高引用率的研究論文，以及發表在核心期刊和基礎期刊上的文章進行分析后發現，科學與社會科學領域的前沿研究主要涉及以下十大領域：

　　農業、植物與動物科學(Agriculture, Plant and Animal Sciences)

　　生態學與環境科學(Ecology and Environmental Sciences)

　　地球科學(Geosciences)

　　臨床醫學(Clinical Medicine)

　　生物科學(Biological Sciences)

　　化學與材料科學(Chemistry and Materials Science)

　　物理學(Physics)

　　天文學與天體物理學(Astronomy and Astrophysics)

　　數學、計算科學與工程學(Mathematics, Computer Science and Engineering)

　　經濟學、心理學和其他社會科學(Economics, Psychology and Other Social Sciences)

　　研究人員表示，對科研領域進行趨勢分析能讓研究人員、科研資助者和機構管理人員對當前的科研發展有一個整體認識，幫助他們在科研精力投入、科研資金和資源分配等方面做出更好的決策。

　　生物科學(Biological Sciences)領域中排名前十的重點研究如下：

RANK	research fronts	core papers	citations	mean year of core papers
1	DNA methylation analysis and missing heritability	25	3,153	2011
2	Toxicity of amyloid beta (Aβ) oligomers in Alzheimer’s disease	45	2,588	2010.6
3	Differentiation and function of follicular helper CD4 T cells (TFH)	38	2760	2010.5
4	Human beta(2) adrenergic G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)	44	6261	2010.4
5	Linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex and activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)	43	3,749	2010.4
6	Lgr5 receptor-expressing intestinal stem cells	23	2,699	2010.3
7	TET mutations, reduction of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), and malignancy	45	6,112	2010.2
8	Inhibition of TO R (Target Of Rapamycin) signaling, increased lifespan, and diseases of aging	30	3,152	2010.1
9	HIV-1 Vpu and Vpx proteins and restriction factors SAMHD1 and BST -2/Tetherin	48	3,760	2009.9
10	Mitochondrial sirtuins and regulation of metabolism	32	3,395	2009.9

　　位列三甲的分別為： DNA甲基化與丟失遺傳性研究、阿爾茨海默癥的β淀粉樣蛋白(Aβ)、濾泡輔助性CD4 T細胞(TFH)的分化和功能。

　　農業、植物與動物科學(Agriculture, Plant and Animal Sciences)領域中排名前十的重點研究如下：

RANK	research fronts	core papers	citations	mean year of core papers
1	Impact of climate change on food crops	32	1537	2010
2	Comprehensive classification of fungi based on molecular evolutionary analysis	18	1374	2010
3	Arabidopsis chloroplast RnA editing	46	2578	2009.9
4	Jasmonate biosynthesis and signaling	33	2548	2009.9
5	oomycete RXlR effectors and suppression of plant immunity	47	2340	2009.7
6	Angiosperm phylogeny group classification	34	2259	2009.7
7	methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (mRsA) in livestock	17	1071	2009.7
8	genomic selection and estimated breeding values	39	2281	2009.6
9	honey bee colony collapse disorder and Nosema ceranae	30	1718	2009.6
10	insect resistance to transgenic crops producing bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) toxins for pest control	22	1134	2009.6

　　生態學與環境科學(Ecology and Environmental Sciences)領域中排名前十的重點研究如下：

RANK	research fronts	core papers	citations	mean year of core papers
1	ocean acidification and marine ecosystems	45	3653	2009.6
2	biodiversity and functional ecosystems	43	3139	2009.5
3	mangrove forests and climate change	16	1121	2009.5
4	models and impacts of land-use change	18	2318	2009.4
5	biochar amendment techniques and effects	41	2300	2009.4
6	Adaptive evolution in invasive species and approximate bayesian computation	19	1255	2009.4
7	Chytridiomycosis and large-scale amphibian population extinctions	13	1003	2009.3
8	Pharmaceutical residues in environmental water and wastewater	50	3815	2009.1
9	Community ecology and phylogenetic comparative biology	20	1,799	2009.1
10	Climate warming, altered thermal niches, and species impact	14	1,244	2009.1

　　臨床醫學(Clinical Medicine)領域中排名前十的重點研究如下：

RANK	research fronts	core papers	citations	mean year of core papers
1	transcatheter aortic valve implantation	50	2818	2011
2	Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome and complement activation	36	1939	2010.6
3	Acquired bRAf inhibitor resistance in metastatic melanoma	36	4777	2010.5
4	idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and randomized placebo-controlled drug trials	38	2269	2010.5
5	Pathology and treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease	34	1978	2010.5
6	Chemotherapy with and without bevacizumab for heR2-negative breast cancer	14	1909	2010.5
7	brentuximab vedotin for refractory and relapsed hodgkin’s lymphoma	23	2001	2010.4
8	il28b polymorphisms and treatment response in hepatitis C patients	47	5172	2010.3
9	Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (AlK) inhibition in non-small cell lung cancer	46	3716	2010.3
10	global, national, and regional assessments of maternal, newborn, and child health	42	2640	2010.3