SignaltransductionthroughIL1R
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that signals primarily through the type 1 IL-1 receptor (IL-1R1). The activities of IL-1 include induction of fever, expression of vascular adhesion molecules, and roles in arthritis and septic shock. The inflammatory activities of IL-1 are partially derived by transcriptionally inducing expression of cytokines such as TNF-alpha and interferons, as well as inducing ......閱讀全文
Signal－transduction－through－IL1R
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that signals primarily through the type 1 IL-1 receptor (IL-1R1). The activities of IL-1 include i
Visual－Signal－Transduction
The signal transduction cascade responsible for sensing light in vertebrates is one of the best studied signal transduction processes, and is initiate
Ahr－Signal－Transduction－Pathway
The Ah receptor, bHLH/PAS transcription factor, upon binding of an agonist such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin translocates into the nucleus a
IL7－Signal－Transduction
IL-7 is a key cytokine in the immune system, essential for normal development of B cells and T cells. Mice with the IL-7 receptor deleted lack B and T
Role－of－ERBB2－in－Signal－Transduction－and－Oncology
Her2 or ERBB2 belongs to a class of proteins having high homology with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR or ERBB1). It encodes a protein with the
Biosynthesis－of－Proline－in－Bacteria
Among the twenty amino acids encoded by the genetic code, proline is unique in having a cyclic structure with its side chain connected to the amino gr
The－CoStimulatory－Signal－During－Tcell－Activation
For a T cell to be activated by a specific antigen, the T cell receptor must recognize complexes of MHCI with the antigen on the surface of an antigen
Regulation－of－Splicing－through－Sam68
While transcriptional regulation is often viewed as the most prevalent way extracellular signals to regulate gene expression, post-transcriptional reg
T－Cell－Receptor－and－CD3－Complex
The T cell receptor is a cell-surface receptor that recognizes specific antigen to stimulate the T cell response to that antigen. The T cell receptor
CTNND1基因編碼功能及結構描述
該基因編碼犰狳蛋白家族的一個成員，在細胞間的粘附和信號轉導中起作用。多重翻譯起始密碼子和選擇性剪接導致許多不同的亞型被翻譯。并非所有描述的轉錄變體的全長性質都已確定在該基因與相鄰的上游硫氧還蛋白相關跨膜蛋白2（TMX2）基因之間也存在通讀轉錄。[由RefSeq提供，2010年12月]This gen
CTNND1基因突變與藥物因子介紹
該基因編碼犰狳蛋白家族的一個成員，在細胞間的粘附和信號轉導中起作用。多重翻譯起始密碼子和選擇性剪接導致許多不同的亞型被翻譯。并非所有描述的轉錄變體的全長性質都已確定在該基因與相鄰的上游硫氧還蛋白相關跨膜蛋白2（TMX2）基因之間也存在通讀轉錄。[由RefSeq提供，2010年12月]This gen
Eukaryotic－protein－translation
The scanning translation initiation model suggests that 40S ribosomal subunit preloaded with factors bind to the 5’ end of the mRNA near the cap. The
Erythropoietin－mediated－neuroprotection－through－NFkB
Erythropoietin (Epo) is most commonly known as the cytokine secreted by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production and is used as a drug fo
GProtein－Signaling－Through－Tubby－Proteins
The tubby gene product is expressed in the brain and has been implicated by mouse genetics in obesity and other disorders such as blindness. Structura
Activation－of－PKC－through－G－protein－coupled－receptor
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) transduce a variety of signals from the extracellular environment across the plasma membrane. One of the common si
Keratinocyte－Differentiation
The epidermis, which provides a protective barrier that undergoes a constant renewal, is a multi-layered tissue with the proliferating cells located i
PKCcatalyzed－phosphorylation－of－inhibitory－phosphoprotein－of－phosphatase
The phosphorylation of myosin affects its role in smooth muscle contraction, platelet formation and possibly other processes. Phosphorylation by myosi
Signal－Dependent－Regulation－of－Myogenesis－by－Corepressor－MITR
The differentiation of muscle cells is regulated by many factors, including the MyoD/MEF2 family of transcription factors. The MyoD/MEF2 dimer binds t
MAPKinase－Signaling－Pathway
The ever evolving mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) pathways consist of four major groupings and numerous related proteins which constitut
Regulation－of－MAP－Kinase－Pathways－Through－Dual－Specificity－Phosphatases
Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases are important players in signal transduction pathways activated by a range of stimuli and mediate a number of
PTPRJ基因編碼的功能和結構描述
該基因編碼的蛋白是蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶（ptp）家族的一員。眾所周知，ptps是調節多種細胞過程的信號分子，包括細胞生長、分化、有絲分裂周期和癌基因轉化。該ptp具有含有5個纖維粘連蛋白iii型重復序列的胞外區域、單個跨膜區域和單個胞漿內催化結構域，因此代表ptp受體類型。該蛋白存在于所有造血系中，可能
Acetylation－and－Deacetylation－of－RelA－in－The－Nucleus
Contributor: Glenn Croston Ph.D.REFERENCES: Gilmore T. The Rel/NF-kB signal transduction pathway: An introduction to the Rel/NF-kB Signal Transduction
Cadmium－induces－DNA－synthesis－and－proliferation－in－macrophages
Exposure to divalent cadmium ions (Cd2+) is a known cancer risk factor, but the molecular mechanisms responsible for the inappropriate induction of ce
p38－MAPK－Signaling－Pathway
p38 MAPKs are members of the MAPK family that are activated by a variety of environmental stresses and inflammatory cytokines. Stress signals are deli
LAMA3基因突變與藥物因子介紹
該基因編碼的蛋白質屬于層粘連蛋白家族的分泌分子。層粘連蛋白是一種異三聚體分子，由α、β和γ亞基組成，這些亞基通過螺旋線圈結構域組裝而成。層粘連蛋白對基底膜的形成和功能至關重要，在調節細胞遷移和機械信號轉導方面具有額外的功能。該基因編碼α亞單位，對多種上皮間充質調節因子（包括角質形成細胞生長因子、表皮
PTPRJ基因突變因子與藥物介紹
該基因編碼的蛋白是蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶（ptp）家族的一員。眾所周知，ptps是調節多種細胞過程的信號分子，包括細胞生長、分化、有絲分裂周期和癌基因轉化。該ptp具有含有5個纖維粘連蛋白iii型重復序列的胞外區域、單個跨膜區域和單個胞漿內催化結構域，因此代表ptp受體類型。該蛋白存在于所有造血系中，可能
LAMA3基因編碼功能及結構描述
該基因編碼的蛋白質屬于層粘連蛋白家族的分泌分子。層粘連蛋白是一種異三聚體分子，由α、β和γ亞基組成，這些亞基通過螺旋線圈結構域組裝而成。層粘連蛋白對基底膜的形成和功能至關重要，在調節細胞遷移和機械信號轉導方面具有額外的功能。該基因編碼α亞單位，對多種上皮間充質調節因子（包括角質形成細胞生長因子、表皮
TollLike－Receptor－Pathway
The innate immune response responds in a general manner to factors present in invading pathogens. Bacterial factors such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS,
Skeletal－muscle－hypertrophy－is－regulated－via－AKT/mTOR－pathway
Skeletal muscle atrophies with disuse while with increased use and increased load skeletal muscle exhibits hypertrophy, with an increase in the size o
Activation－of－Csk－by－cAMPdependent－Protein－Kinase－Inhibits－Signaling
Interaction of T cell receptor with specific antigen in the context of MHC II activates a signal transduction pathway that leads to T cell activation.